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1. Which of the following is/are the situations where forward error recovery can be applied.
i) When coded is corrupted.
ii) When linked structure are corrupted
A) i only
B) ii only
C) Both i and ii
D) None of the above

2. State whether the following statements about fault recovery are True or False.
i) Forward recovery involves trying to correct the damaged system state.
ii) Backward recovery restores the system state to a known correct state.
A) True, False
B) False, True
C) False, False
D) True, True

3. In ........................., the database is only updated after the transaction is finished and no problems are detected.
A) Forward recovery
B) Backward recovery
C) System recovery
D) Both A and C

4. The key problem with ............... is ensuring that the software is portable, it should execute on several different platforms.
A) Application System Reuse
B) Sub-System Reuse
C) Object Reuse
D) Systematic Reuse

5. An example of .................... is a pattern matching system developed as part of a text processing system may be reused in a database management system.
A) Application System Reuse
B) Sub-System Reuse
C) Object Reuse
D) Systematic Reuse

6. In ......................., components of a system representing a collection of functions may be reused.
A) Application System Reuse
B) Sub-System Reuse
C) Object Reuse
D) Systematic Reuse

7. Systematic reuse in the development process offers which of the following advantages.
i) System reliability increased
ii) Overall process risk is reduced
iii) Effective use can be made of specialists
A) i and ii only
B) ii and iii only
C) i and iii only
D) All i, ii and iii

8. State whether the following conditions for software development with reuse are True.
i) It must be possible to find appropriate reusable components.
ii)  The reuser of the components must have confidence that the components will behave as specified and will be reliable.
iii) The components must have associated documentation to help the reuser understand them and adapt them to a new application.
iv) CASE toolsets support development with reuse.
A) i, ii and iii only
B) ii, iii and iv only
C) i, iii and iv only
D) All i, ii, iii and iv

9. Adapting a component to make it reusable may involve making different changes, which may be
i) Name generalization
ii) Component generalization
iii) Operation generalization
iv) Exception generalization
A) i, ii and iii only
B) ii, iii and iv only
C) i, iii and iv only
D) All i, ii, iii and iv

1. A software reliability matrix, .................... is a measure of the likelihood that the system will fail when a service request is made.
A) Probability of Failure on Demand (POFOD)
B) Rate of Failure Occurrence (ROCOF)
C) Mean Time to Failure (MTTF)
D) Rate of Failure Occurrence (ROCOF)

2. Operating system and transaction processing system are the example systems of ................ matrix which have been used for software reliability specification.
A) Probability of Failure on Demand (POFOD)
B) Rate of Failure Occurrence (ROCOF)
C) Mean Time to Failure (MTTF)
D) Rate of Failure Occurrence (ROCOF)

3. ............... is a measure of the time between observed system failures.
A) Probability of Failure on Demand (POFOD)
B) Rate of Failure Occurrence (ROCOF)
C) Mean Time to Failure (MTTF)
D) Availability (AVAIL)

4. ................. is a measure of the frequency of occurrence with which unexpected behavior is likely to occur.
A) Probability of Failure on Demand (POFOD)
B) Rate of Failure Occurrence (ROCOF)
C) Mean Time to Failure (MTTF)
D) Rate of Failure Occurrence (ROCOF)

5. Continuously running systems such as telephone switching systems are the example systems of software reliability matrix ..................
A) Probability of Failure on Demand (POFOD)
B) Rate of Failure Occurrence (ROCOF)
C) Mean Time to Failure (MTTF)
D) Availability (AVAIL)

6. Systems with long transactions such as CAD systems are the example systems of ................ matrix.
A) Probability of Failure on Demand (POFOD)
B) Rate of Failure Occurrence (ROCOF)
C) Mean Time to Failure (MTTF)
D) Availability (AVAIL)

7. ............... is a measure of how likely the system is to be available for use.
A) Probability of Failure on Demand (POFOD)
B) Rate of Failure Occurrence (ROCOF)
C) Mean Time to Failure (MTTF)
D) Availability (AVAIL)

8. Select the correct order for the steps involved in statistical testing.
i) Apply these test cases to the program.
ii) Determine the operational profile of the software.
iii) Select or generate a set of test data corresponding to the operational profile.
A) i, iii, ii
B) iii, ii, i
C) ii, iii, i
D) i, ii, iii

9. Reliability in software system can be achieved using which of the following strategies.
i) Fault Avoidance                ii) Fault Tolerance
iii) Fault Detection                iv) Fault Deletion
A) i, ii and iii only
B) ii, iii and iv only
C) i, iii and iv only
D) All i, ii, iii and iv

10. Fault avoidance and the development of fault-free software relies on
i) Restriction on the use of programming construct, such as pointers, which are inherently error-prone.
ii) The use of strongly typed programming language so that possible errors are detected by the language compiler.
iii) The availability of a precise system specification, which is an unambiguous description of what, must be implemented.
A) i and ii only
B) ii and iii only
C) i and iii only
D) All i, ii and iii

1. Reliability in a software system can be achieved using which of the following strategies.
A) Fault avoidance
B) Fault tolerance
C) Fault detection
D) All the above

2. ………………. strategy assumes that residual faults remain in the system and can continue in operation after some system failures have occurred.
A) Fault avoidance
B) Fault tolerance
C) Fault detection
D) None of the above

3. ……………… involves modifying the system so that the fault does not recur.
A) Failure detection
B) Damage assessment
C) Fault recovery
D) Fault repair

4. …………………… is an approach to program development whereby programmers assume that there may be undetected faults or inconsistencies in their programs.
A) Defensive programming
B) Effective programming
C) Strong programming
D) Known programming

5. ……………… is a classification scheme, which shows how an object class is related to other classes through common attributes and services.
A) Hierarchy
B) Inheritances
C) Taxonomy
D) None of the above

6. ……………. is a list of names used by the systems, arranged alphabetically.
A) Data Library
B) Data Dictionary
C) Name Dictionary
D) System Dictionary

7. The ………………….. model of system design is a distributed system model which show how data and processing is distributed across a range of processors.
A) repository
B) client-server
C) abstract machine
D) None of the above

8. The main design activities in the software design process are
i) System specification      iii) Component design
ii) interface design            iv) algorithm design
A) ii, iii and iv only
B) i, ii and iii only
C) i, iii and iv only
D) All i, ii, iii and iv

9. ……………………. is the process, which controls the changes made to a system, and manages the different versions of the evolving software product.
A) Software management
B) Configuration management
C) Version management
D) Release management

10. The different types of software maintenance systems are
A) Corrective maintenance
B) Adaptive maintenance
C) Perspective maintenance
D) All the above

1. When a function is defined inside a class, this function is called ………….
A) Inside function
B) Class function
C) Inline function
D) Interior function

2. Which of the following cannot be passed to a function?
A) Reference variable
B) Arrays
C) Class objects
D) Header files

3. State true of false.
i) We cannot make the function inline by defining a function outside the class.
ii) A member function can be called by using its name inside another member function of the same class, this is known as nesting of member function.
A) True, True
B) True, False
C) False, True
D) False, False

4. Which of the following operators could be overloaded?
A) Size of
B) +
C) +=
D) ::

5. Which of the following is true about the static member variable in C++.
i) It is initialized to zero when the first object of its class is created. Other initialization is also permitted.
ii) It is visible only within the class, but its lifetime is the entire program.
A) i-True, ii-True
B) ii-False, ii-True
C) i-True, ii-False
D) i-False, iii-False

6. Which of the following keywords are used to control access to a class member?
A) default
B) break
C) protected
D) goto

7. What will be the values of x, m and n after execution of the following statements?
Int x, m, n;
m=10;
n=15;
x= ++m + n++;
A) x=25, m=10, n=15
B) x=27, m=10, n=15
C) x=26, m=11, n=16
D) x=27, m=11, n=16

Here are the collections of top 20 multiple choice questions on fundamental of object oriented programming in C++, includes MCQ question on C++ operators, functions and their types along with their characteristics, classes and objects, constructors and distructors used in C++. It also inlcludes about operator overloading, encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism.

1. The ……………. Operator is known as insertion operator.
A) >>
B) >
C) <<
D) <

2. State True or False.
i) A satic function can have access to only other static members (functions or variables) declared in the same class.
ii) A static member function can be called using the class name (instead of its objects)
A) True, True
B) True, False
C) False, True
D) False, False

3. Which of the following condition is true for an object used as a function argument?
i) A copy of the entire objects is passed to the function.
ii) Only the address of the object is transferred to the function.
A) Only i
B) Only ii
C) Both i and ii
D) None of them

4. …………… enable us to hide, inside the object, both the data fields and the methods that act on that data.
A) Encapsulation
B) Polymorphism
C) Inheritance
D) Overloading

5. Which of the following is/ are the characteristics of friend function.
A) It is not in the scope of the class to which it has been declared as friend.
B) It can invoke like a normal function without the help of any object.
C) Usually, it has the objects as arguments.
D) All of the above.

6. The dereferencing operator ………….. is used to access a member when we use pointers to both the object and the member.
A) ->*
B) .*
C) Any of the above
D) None of the above

7. A ………………. Is a class whose instances themselves are classes.
A) Subclass
B) Abstract Class
C) Meta Class
D) Object Class

8. The dereferencing operator ……… is used when the object itself is used width in the member pointer.
A) ->*
B) .*
C) Any of the above
D) None of the above

9. A constructor that accepts no parameters is called the ……………….
A) Paramless constructor
B) No parameter constructor
C) Default constructor
D) Argumentless constructor

10. Automatic initialization of object is carried out using a special member function called …………
A) Friend
B) Casting
C) Reference Parameter
D) Constructor

Here are the collections of solved multiple choice questions on fundamental of object oriented programming in C++, includes MCQ question on history of C++ language, C++ keywords and operators along with inline expressions and control structors. It also includes about procedure oriented programming along with object oriented programming.

1. C++ is an extension of C with a major addition of the class construct feature of ……………..
A) Simula67
B) Simula57
C) Simula47
D) Simula87

2. C++ has the name ………………….. before it was changed to C++.
A) Improved C
B) Integrated C
C) C with classes
D) C with Simula

3. …………. Refer to the names of variables, functions, arrays, classes etc. created by the programmer.
A) Keywords
B) Identifiers
C) Constraints
D) Strings

4. In C++, the keyword void was used ………..
A) To specify the return type of function when it is not returning any value.
B) To indicate an empty argument list to a function.
C) To declare the generic pointers.
D) All of the above.

5. Match the following
a) : :              i) Pointer to member declarator
b) : :*           ii) Pointer to member operator
c) ->*          iii) Scope resolution operator
A) a-ii, b-iii, c-i
B) a-iii, b-i, c-ii
C) a-i b-ii, c-iii
D) a-iii, b-ii, c-i

6. If m and n are int type variables, what will be the result of the expression
m% n when m=5 and n=2 ?
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) None of the above

7. Some of the C++ operators cannot overloaded which are
i) Member access operators (. And .*)       ii) Conditional operator (? :)
iii) Scope resolution operator (: :)               iv) Size operator (sizeof)
A) only i, ii and iii
B) only ii, iii and iv
C) only ii and iv
D) All i, ii, iii and iv

 
1. In compile time polymorphism, compiler is able to select the appropriate function for a particular call at the compile time itself, which is known as ............
A) early binding
B) static binding
C) static linking
D) All of the above

2. ................ binding means that, an object is bound to its function call at compile time.
A) late
B) static
C) dynamic
D) fixed

3. C++ supports run time polymorphism with the help of virtual functions, which is called ................. binding.
A) dynamic
B) run time
C) early binding
D)static

4. State whether the following statements about pointers in C++ are True.
i) A pointer can be incremented (++) or decremented (--)
ii) Any integer can be added to or subtracted from a pointer
iii) One pointer can be subtracted from another
A) i and ii only
B) ii and iii only
C) i and iii only
D) All i, ii and iii

5. ................... are also known as generic pointers, which refer to variables of any type.
A) void pointers
B) null pointers
C) this pointer
D) base pointer

6. The pointers which are not initialized in a program are called .................
A) void pointers
B) null pointers
C) this pointer
D) base pointer

7. ........................ is useful in creating objects at run time.
A) void pointer
B) null pointer
C) this pointer
D) object pointer

8. A ...................... refers to an object that that currently invokes a member function.
A) void pointers
B) null pointers
C) this pointer
D) base pointer

9. The ...................... cannot be directly used to access all the members of the derived class.
A) void pointers
B) null pointers
C) this pointer
D) base pointer

10. Run time polymorphism is achieved only when a .................... is accessed through a pointer to the base class.
A) member function
B) virtual function
C) static function
D) real function

1. The ................ inherits some or all of the properties of the ........... class.
A) base, derived
B) derived, base
C) derived, initial
D) base, final

2. A derived class with only one base class is called ............... inheritance.
A) single
B) multiple
C) multilevel
D) hierarchical

3. A class can inherit properties from more than one class which is known as ..........inheritance.
A) single
B) multiple
C) multilevel
D) hierarchical

4. A class can be derived from another derived class which is known as .......... inheritance.
A) single
B) multiple
C) multilevel
D) hierarchical

5. When the properties of one class are inherited by more than one class, which is called ......... inheritance.
A) single
B) multiple
C) multilevel
D) hierarchical

6. When a base class is privately inherited by a derived class public members of the base class become .......... of the derived class.
A) private members
B) protected members
C) Public members
D) Not inherited

7. When a base class is privately inherited by a derived class public members of the base class can only be accessed by the ......... of the derived class.
A) non-member functions
B) friend functions
C) member functions
D) class members

8. When a protected member is inherited in public mode, it becomes ........... in the derived class too and therefore is accessible by member functions of the derived class.
A) protected
B) private
C) public
D) friend

9. State whether the following statements about inheritance are True or False.
i) A public member of a class can be accessed by its own objects using the dot operator.
ii) While inheriting, the private members of the base class will never become the members of its derived class.
A) True, False
B) False, True
C) True, True
D) False, False

10. A member declared as .............. is accessible by the member functions within its class and any class immediately derived from it.
A) protected
B) private
C) public
D) friend